Overview Leaderboard Methodology
Industry Report

Password Managers

Consumer and business password storage and autofill tools.

Brands tracked: 33
Brands analyzed: 33
Last updated: 2026-04-22
Model: OpenAI GPT-5
Prompts: 263
Total responses: 1,330
Top Brand Overall?
1Password
99/100

Highest overall AI Visibility Score in this industry.

LBA Leader?
Microsoft
100

Highest score on the LBA metric in this industry.

Authority Leader?
1Password
100

Highest score on the Authority metric in this industry.

TOM Leader?
1Password
100

Highest score on the TOM metric in this industry.

1Password is the default answer in AI responses for Password Managers

1Password and Bitwarden together dominate AI responses for Password Managers. Both brands consistently surface unprompted, with the model treating them as the default answers for most category queries. Brands outside the top two face a structural disadvantage: users are usually given these two before the model even considers alternatives.

Brand Leaderboard All 33 Password Managers brands ranked

Ranked by overall AI Visibility Score (smoothed geometric mean of LBA, Authority, and TOM with an LBA-based floor on Authority and TOM, see methodology). Click any brand for the full report.

# Brand LBA Authority TOM Overall
1
1Password
1password.com
 96
100
100
99
2
Bitwarden
bitwarden.com
 88
100
96
95
3
Dashlane
dashlane.com
 84
43
87
68
4
Keeper
keepersecurity.com
 86
11
53
39
5
NordPass
nordpass.com
 79
12
55
39
6
Apple
apple.com
 78
17
33
36
7
Proton Pass
proton.me
 76
29
18
35
8
Google
google.com
 85
13
14
26
9
Microsoft
microsoft.com
 100
10
10
24
10
KeePassXC
keepassxc.org
 82
8
8
20
11
KeePass
keepass.info
 78
8
8
19
12
Passbolt
passbolt.com
 77
8
8
19
13
RoboForm
roboform.com
 76
8
8
18
14
Vaultwarden
vaultwarden.net
 72
7
7
18
15
Zoho Vault
zohovault.com
 74
7
7
18
16
Enpass
enpass.io
 67
7
7
17
17
LastPass
lastpass.com
 69
7
7
17
18
Passwordstate
passwordstate.com
 68
7
7
17
19
Sticky Password
stickypassword.com
 65
6
6
16
20
mSecure
msecure.com
 54
5
5
14
21
LessPass
lesspass.com
 54
5
5
13
22
SafeInCloud
safe-in-cloud.com
 50
5
5
13
23
LogMeOnce
logmeonce.com
 49
5
5
12
24
Psono
psono.com
 45
5
5
12
25
Password Boss
passwordboss.com
 41
4
4
11
26
True Key
truekey.com
 44
4
4
11
27
IronVest
ironvest.com
 37
4
4
10
28
Intuitive Password
intuitivepassword.com
 33
3
3
9
29
Padloc
padloc.app
 33
3
3
9
30
heylogin
heylogin.com
 30
3
3
8
31
PassCamp
passcamp.com
 29
3
3
8
32
TeamPassword
teampassword.com
 27
3
3
7
33
CommonKey
commonkey.com
 0
0
0
0

How is this calculated? Methodology

Every brand in this leaderboard is scored against the same set of 263 shared Password Managers prompts. The same prompts, same model, same iterations. So differences in scores reflect actual differences in AI visibility, not differences in measurement.

Overall AI Visibility Score
Smoothed geometric mean of LBA, Authority and TOM. Authority and TOM are floored at LBA × 0.1 before the geometric mean (the same floor used in the per-metric cards above, so brand cards and the composite tell the same story). Formula: composite = ((LBA + 5)(Authority + 5)(TOM + 5))^(1/3) - 5. The floor keeps brands the model clearly recognises but doesn't yet recommend from collapsing to zero, while a single genuinely weak metric still pulls the composite down. Full methodology.
Shared industry prompts
For Authority and TOM, all brands in the industry are scored against the same 263 category prompts (e.g. "best SEO tools for agencies"). This makes brand-to-brand comparisons valid - everyone faces identical inputs. LBA prompts are per-brand because they ask brand-specific questions.
Latent Brand Association (LBA)
5 brand probes + 1 control prompt, each run 5 times in recall mode (no web search). LBA = quality × meta × stability × share × recognition × 100. Read the full LBA methodology →
LLM Authority
50 organic category prompts (discovery, comparison, problem and transactional intents), each run once in recall mode and once in retrieval mode. Score = frequency × log-decayed prominence × intent weight, then 50/50 averaged across the two modes. Read the full Authority methodology →
Top of Mind (TOM)
15 high-volume discovery prompts (sourced from Keywords Everywhere search-volume data), each run 5 times in pure recall mode (no web). Score = frequency × (0.5 + 0.5 × log-prominence), volume-weighted. Read the full TOM methodology →